家用_商用空調用R32替代R22的再分析

摘要： 【中文摘要】 在R22替代工作進入實質性階段、但國內外成熟替代物又尚不明朗之際,作者針對國內外R22替代物現狀以及國際上對環保工質新的要求,曾于2009.10探索提出在家用/商用空調中使用R32替代R22的設想[1],這里進一步對為何關注R32、如何評價它的減排效果、機組z*大充注量的限度如何、有否節能效益、能否為我國空調行業與氟化工行業的轉軌形成"互利共贏"局面以及需要解決哪些關鍵技術等問題作了比較詳細具體的再分析,并與現有或有望成為R22替代物R410A、R290、R161等進行了綜合比較,認為R32是一種和諧兼顧減排、節能、安全、市場和替代物轉軌等諸方面要求的、很有前景的替代R22的長期制冷劑。 【英文摘要】 Phase-out of R22 will start in China but the existing alternatives to R22 are unsuitable in some application.On the basis of the present status and requirements for new environment-friendly alternatives,we proposed using R32 to replace R22 in household/commercial air conditioning in 2009.In this paper,the analyses on some issues for R32 to replace R22 are performed including evaluation of the effect on carbon dioxide emissions,the maximum charge limitation in a unit,the energy saving,the feasibility for the refrigerant transform in the air-conditioning industry and the chemical engineering industry,and the key problems to solve in the application.The comparison between R32 and some alternatives to R22 such as R410A,R290,and R161 is discussed.The results show that R32 may be an attractive long term candidate to replace R22 considering the balance of carbon dioxide emissions,safety,energy saving,and availability. 【中文關鍵詞】 工程熱物理; 制冷劑; 空調; 制冷; R22; R32【英文關鍵詞】 Engineering thermophysics; Refrigerant; Air-conditioning; Refrigeration; R22; R32